Four fire engines and around 25 firefighters were called to a flat fire on St Anns in Barking.
Half of a second floor flat in a three-storey block was damaged by the fire. Firefighters rescued one man via a short extension ladder. A woman left the building before the Brigade arrived. They were both treated on scene and taken to hospital by London Ambulance Service crews.
The Brigade's 999 Control Officers took nine calls to the blaze.
The Brigade was called at 2209 and the fire was under control by 2320. Fire crews from Barking, Dagenham, Plaistow and Ilford fire stations were at the scene.
The cause of the fire is under investigation.