Four fire engines and around 25 firefighters were called to a fire at a fish and chip shop on Fairfield Road in West Drayton.
Part of the ground floor shop, including the ducting (extraction) system, was damaged by the fire. Four people left the shop before the Brigade arrived. Firefighters wearing breathing apparatus rescued a woman from a first floor flat at the rear of the property. She was taken to hospital suffering smoke inhalation by London Ambulance Service crews.
The Brigade's 999 Control Officers took nine calls to the blaze.
The Brigade was called at 1727 and the fire was under control by 1849. Fire crews from Southall, Feltham and Heathrow fire stations were at the scene.
The cause of the fire is under investigation.