Four fire engines and around 25 firefighters tackled a fire on Bel Lane in Feltham.
A shed was destroyed and part of the ground floor of a two-storey terraced house was damaged.
One woman left the property before firefighters arrived. There have been no reports of any injuries.
The Brigade's 999 Control Officers received five calls about the fire.
The Brigade was called at 1414 and the fire was under control by 1515. Crews from Feltham and Heston fire stations attended the scene.
The fire is believed to have been accidental and caused by a bonfire which spread out of control.