Four fire engines and around 25 firefighters were called to a house fire on Bucklands Road in Richmond upon Thames.
Firefighters tackled a blaze at a two storey mid-terrace house where the first floor was completely destroyed by the fire.
A woman and three children left the property before the Brigade arrived, one man was treated at the scene for smoke inhalation by London Ambulance Service crews.
The Brigade was called at 1730 and the fire was under control by 1906. Fire crews from Twickenham, Kingston, Surbion and Richmond attended the scene.
The cause of the fire will be investigated.